Headache is a universal symptom in the course of everyone's life. There are myriads of causes for headache ranging from simple migraine, tension headache, refractory errors in the eye, temporomandibular joint arthralgia, and myofascial spasm to severe form of headache by brain tumors. The anatomical variations in the nasal cavity result in mucosal contact between the opposing surface and cause rhinogenic contact point headache (RCPH). RCPH is a new type of headache in medical literature. The pathogenesis of the RCPH is still the subject of controversy. Nose has diverse anatomical variations. Deviated nasal septum or spur, middle turbinate concha bullosa, and enlarged bulla ethmoidalis are the common anatomical variation in the nasal cavity which can cause RCPH. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography scan are helpful to confirm the mucosal contact points inside the nasal cavity. The precise excision of the contact points with the help of endoscopic approach in patients of RCPH is very effective. Clinicians should not ignore the anatomical variation of the nasal cavity during management of the headache. There is not much literature for RCPH indicating that this clinical entity is neglected. This review article presents an overview of the current aspect of RCPH.

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Background: The quality of life (QoL) of pediatric oncology patients is multidimensional, including the social, physical, and emotional executive functions of the child and the family. The study aimed to assess QoL in pediatric patients with cancer on and off treatment and to determine the factors that affect the QoL. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study that included 104 children aged between 7 and 17 years, who were recruited using a Non-probability convenient sampling method. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™ 4.0) generic core scale and the PedsQL™ 3.0 cancer module were used as data collection tools. The data were coded, entered, and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. T-test and ANOVA tests were used for the data analysis. Results: Out of 104 patients, males were 70 (67.3%). The QoL score mean was (71.68 ± 11), with the highest score was found in subscale procedural anxiety (86.54 ± 23.09), and the lowest score was found in subscales general health (44.47 ± 30.76). The older children showed the lowest QoL score (mean 68.38 ± 8.22) comparing to with younger age (70.5 ± 13.15). There were no significant differences between overall QoL scores and gender, type of cancer, and treatment status. Conclusion: Children reported an acceptable overall QoL score mean. There was no significant difference in QoL between males and females, treatment status, type of cancer. The total score of the PedsQL™ 4.0 scale was significantly correlated with pain, nausea, worry, cognitive problem, perceived physical appearance, and satisfaction subscales.

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Objectives: This study aimed to assess the attitude and satisfaction of doctors toward clinical pharmacists' role at Omdurman Military Hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Omdurman Military Hospital in Khartoum state, Sudan. A self-administered questionnaire was delivered to 165 doctors who had previously worked with clinical pharmacists. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The Chi-square test was used for the data analysis. Results: A total of 165 filled questionnaires were returned, 84 (50.9%) of them were males, and over 50% were aged under 31 years. Around 94.6% of them agreed that the clinical pharmacist is an important and integral part of the medical team, while 89.1% believed that clinical pharmacists could improve overall patient outcomes/quality of patient care. Collectively, 85.6% of the participants had a positive attitude toward the clinical pharmacist's role. Moreover, the calculated overall satisfaction of doctors toward clinical pharmacy services showed that 83% had ahem with a high level of satisfaction. There was a significant relationship between doctors' attitude and satisfaction with the area of practice, years of experience, and the duration of work in settings where clinical pharmacy service is provided. Conclusions: The study identified a positive attitude and high level of doctor satisfaction with clinical pharmacist role and confidence in the abilities of the clinical pharmacists, also found that doctors overwhelmingly favor the presence of clinical pharmacists, frequently seek their advice, and feel they improve the quality of patient care.

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Objective: The study objective was to explore the clinical observation of reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women with metabolic syndrome (MS) by dietary intervention during early pregnancy. Methods: Singleton pregnant women who set early pregnancy filings and had regular prenatal care and delivery at Zengcheng Hospital of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center of Guangdong Province from January 2020 to June 2021 were screened out according to the diagnostic criteria for MS promulgated by the International Diabetes Federation in 2005. Pregnant women meeting the diagnostic criteria for MS were randomly divided into the intervention group (n = 80) and the control group (n = 80). The changes in the indicators of MS (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride [TG], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], systolic blood pressure [SBP], and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]) in early and late pregnancy were observed, and the incidence of GDM was analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in TC, TG, FPG, LDL, HDL, SBP, or DBP of women in early pregnancy between the two groups. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in TC and TG of women in late pregnancy between the two groups. The FPG, LDL, SBP, and DBP of the intervention group were lower than those of the control group, and the HDL of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, which showed a significant difference in the two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of GDM in the intervention group was lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Pregnant women with MS before their pregnancy were at a high risk of GDM. Diet and exercise interventions in early pregnancy could improve the indicators of their blood metabolism and lipid metabolism, which could effectively reduce the incidence of GDM and thus improve the adverse pregnancy outcome and ensure the safety of the mothers and the infants.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic that spreads mainly through close contact and tiny respiratory droplets. The ocular surface is a potential site for transmission, whereas the ophthalmologists are highly potential to acquire infection. Because of the presence of the angiotensin enzyme 2 in different ocular tissues and cytokine storm results in vasoconstriction, ischemia, hypercoagulopathy, and thromboembolic phenomenon, this virus easily binds and in different ocular manifestations such as conjunctivitis, retinal vascular occlusion, diabetes retinopathy, ocular nerve palsies, and orbital mucormycosis. Mucormycosis is a life-threatening infection that often affects patients with diabetes mellitus and other immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis of mucormycosis is usually done by microbiological tests and radiological investigations. Proper ocular care and awareness among clinicians need the hour for prompt management of orbital mucormycosis. Here, we are presenting a case of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis with subconjunctival involvement of mucormycosis.

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